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CS 408 Human-Computer Interaction Solved Mid-Term Exams Papers
Q. What is Attention..??
Attention is the process of selecting things to concentrate on, at a point in time,
from the range of possibilities available
Q. Define Recognition.?
Recognition refers to the act of recognizing or the state of being recognized,
identification of something as having been previously seen, heard and known as Recognition.
Q. As a product designer what you need to do for constructing personas?
Write all steps:?
- Being a product designers we use to do constructing personas steps:-
- Revisit the persona hypothesis
- Map interview subjects to behavioral variables
- Identify significant behavior patterns
- Synthesize characteristics and relevant goals.
- Check for completeness.
- Develop narratives
- Designate persona types
Q. Norman model focus on which principal of HCI?
- Mental Model
- Spiral Model
- Waterfall Model
- None
Q. What user-centered approach means?
The user-centered approach means that the real users and their goals, not just
technology, should be the driving force behind development of a product.
Q. Which includes in research phase of goal-directed design model?
Goal-directed approach to design is the premise that product must balance
business and engineering concerns with user concerns. You begin by asking,
What do people desire?‖ then you ask, of the things people desire, what will
sustain a business.‖ And finally you ask, ―Of the things people desire, that will
also sustain the business, what can we build?‖ a common trap is to focus on
technology while losing the sight of viability and desirability.
Q. What is the golf of Evaluation and gulf of execution? Your answer must also be illustrated with a diagram.???
Gulf of execution and evaluation
Norman also describes the two gulfs, which represent the problems that are caused
by some interfaces to their users.
Gulf of execution
Gulf of execution is the difference between the user‘s formulation of the actions to
reach the goal and the actions allowed by the system. If the action allowed by the
system correspond to those intended by the user, the interaction will effective. The
interface should therefore aim to reduce this gulf of execution.
Gulf of evaluation
The gulf of evaluation is the distance between the physical presentation of the
system state and the expectation of the user. If the user can readily evaluate the
presentation in terms of his goal, the gulf of evaluation is small. The more effort
that is required on the part of the user to interpret the presentation, the less
effective the interaction
Q. Why dialog boxes are used in WIMP explain it with an example..??
There are also many additional interaction objects and techniques commonly used
in WIMP interfaces, some designed for specific purposes and others more general.
Our discussion will cover the toolbars, menus, buttons, palettes and dialog boxes.
Together, these elements of the WIMP interfaces are called widgets, and they
comprise the toolkit for interaction between user and system.
Example
Normal pointer cursor maybe an arrow, but change to change to cross-hairs when
drawing a line. Cursors are also used to tell the user about system activity.
Q. How to construct persona..??
- Define the problem
- Identify the people
- Get into the field
Q. How can you improve a website interface of a university through GUI..?
As the university matured, In the move from command-line to graphical user
interface, design and usability also became involved in the process, though often
only at the end, and often only affecting visual presentation. Today common
practice includes simultaneous coding and design followed by bug and user testing
and then revision.
University improve the website interface through GUI which is given
Padded block links.
- Padded block links
- Typesetting buttons
- Using contrast to manage focus
- Using color to manage attention
- Using color to manage attention
- Letter spacing
- Auto-focus on input
- Hover controls
Q. Where do you use check boxes and radio buttons?
Checkboxes:
It a set of options is not mutually exclusive, such as font characteristics like bold,
italic and underlining, and then a set of toggle buttons can be used to indicate the
on/off status of the options.
Radio buttons:
Buttons can also be used to toggle between two states, displaying status
information such as whether the current font is italicized or not in a word
processor or selecting options on a web form.
Q. Write down the Norman,s interaction frameworks with reference to the action and evaluation cycle..?
he interaction framework breaks the system into four main components, as per
Donald Norman‘s Model of interaction. In which user chooses a goal, formulate a
plan of action, which is then executed at the computer interface. When the plan or
part of the plan has been executed, the user observes the computer interface to
evaluate the result of the execution plan, and to determine further actions
Gulf of execution and evaluation
Norman also describes the two gulfs, which represent the problems that are caused
by some interfaces to their users.
Gulf of execution
Gulf of execution is the difference between the user‘s formulation of the actions to
reach the goal and the actions allowed by the system. If the action allowed by the
system correspond to those intended by the user, the interaction will effective. The
interface should therefore aim to reduce this gulf of execution.
Gulf of evaluation
The gulf of evaluation is the distance between the physical presentation of the
system state and the expectation of the user. If the user can readily evaluate the
presentation in terms of his goal, the gulf of evaluation is small. The more effort
that is required on the part of the user to interpret the presentation, the less
effective the interaction.
Q. Being a researcher, identify in which phases of ethnographic
interviews you Explore, Identify patterns of use and Confirm patterns of use?
Briefly explain them.??
Answer. Being researcher ethnography is term borrowed form anthropology, meaning the
systematic and immersive study of human cultures. In anthropology, ethnographic
researchers spend years living immersed in the cultures they study and record.
Ethnographic interviews take the spirit of this type of research and apply it on a
micro level. Rather than trying to understand behaviors and social ritual of an
entire culture, the goal is understand the behaviors and rituals of people interacting
with individual products.
· Identifying candidates
· The personal hypothesis..
Q. List four kinds of translated input events.
- Keyboard focus gained or lost
- Mouse click or double-click
- Mouse entered or exited component
- Character typed
Q. What is a semantic network?
Semantic memory is structured in some way to allow access to information,
representation of relationships between pieces of information, and inference. One
model for the way in which semantic memory is structured is as a network. Items
are associated to each other in classes, and may inherit attributes from parent
classes. This model is known as a semantic network
Q. As a product designer what you need to do for constructing personas?
Write all steps..?
Being a product designer we use to do constructing personas steps:-
- Revisit the persona hypothesis
- Map interview subjects to behavioral variables
- Identify significant behavior patterns
- Synthesize characteristics and relevant goals.
- Check for completeness.
- Develop narratives
- Designate persona types.